Reactions of acids
Some general observations can be made during acid reactions:
- if a gas is produced, the observations is ‘bܲ’.
- if a solid such as a solid metal, base or carbonate reacts with the acid then the observation is ‘solid disappears and a solution is produced’.
- most acid reactions are exothermic – the observation is ‘heat released’. Exceptions – copper(II) oxide and sodium hydrogencarbonate with acid.
It is useful to know the colour of some compounds commonly reacted with acids to work out if a colour change has occurred.
Substance | Colour |
copper(II) oxide | black solid |
copper(II) carbonate | green solid |
hydrated copper(II) sulfate | blue crystals |
copper(II) salts in solution | blue solution |
group 1, group 2, aluminium and zinc compounds | white solids – if they dissolve in water they give colourless solutions |
Substance | copper(II) oxide |
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Colour | black solid |
Substance | copper(II) carbonate |
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Colour | green solid |
Substance | hydrated copper(II) sulfate |
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Colour | blue crystals |
Substance | copper(II) salts in solution |
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Colour | blue solution |
Substance | group 1, group 2, aluminium and zinc compounds |
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Colour | white solids – if they dissolve in water they give colourless solutions |