Exam skills - applied anatomy and physiology practice questions
Questions
- Identify the equation to work out cardiac output (Q).
- A) stroke volume × heart rate
- B) blood pressure × heart rate
- C) tidal volume × stroke volume
- D) blood pressure × stroke volume
- Identify the muscle that forms an antagonistic pair with the triceps. (1)
- Describe the action of the diaphragm when breathing in. (2)
- Using the evidence from the graph below discuss how the cardiovascular system adapts to long term aerobic exercise participation. (8)
Answers
- A
- Biceps
- The diaphragm contracts (1) and flattens (1)
- Answer to include:
- decreased resting BP
- cardiac hypertrophy – increased stroke volume (SV), increased cardiac output (Q), decreased resting heart rate (HR)
- capillarisation around the alveoli and skeletal muscle
- Increased strength of respiratory muscles, increased vital capacity, decreased breathing frequency (f), decreased tidal volume means greater amount of oxygen available to working muscle
- Increased red blood cell production, increased haemoglobin level, increased oxygen carrying capacity, increased gaseous exchange, means greater oxygen carrying capacity