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A letter for Gaelic learners with Roddy MacLean.

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Litir 180: Am fitheach a dh’èireas moch...

Bidh sibh eòlach air an t-seanfhacal ann am Beurla, ‘the early bird catches the worm.’ Uill, seo fear ann an Gàidhlig a tha car coltach ris, ged a tha e ’s dòcha beagan nas an-iochdmhoire: ‘Am fitheach a dh’èireas moch, ’s ann leis a bhios sùil a’ bheathaich a tha sa pholl’. Am fitheach a dh’èireas moch, ’s ann leis a bhios sùil a’ bheathaich a tha sa pholl.

Seadh, uill, tuigidh sibh gu bheil fithich gu math dèidheil air sùilean bheathaichean. Gu dearbh, tha seanfhacal eile ann mu dheidhinn sin: Cha toir am fitheach an t-sùil dha isean fhèin. Tha e cho dèidheil air an t-sùil is gun cum e dha fhèin i eadhon ma tha isean acrach anns an nead. Cha toir am fitheach an t-sùil dha isean fhèin.

Bidh fios agaibh, tha mi cinnteach, gur e a’ Bheurla a th’ air fitheach – raven. Tha an t-eun sin gu math ainmeil air feadh na Gaidhealtachd is, gu dearbh, tha e a’ nochdadh ann am mòran ainmean-àite, leithid Creag an Fhithich agus Creag nam Fitheach. Is bidh fios agaibh gum buin an t-eun seo do na feannagan – eòin mhòra dhubha. Ach an urrainn dhuibh na diofar fheannagan aithneachadh o chèile – ann an dreach agus ann an cainnt? Uill, seo iad – gu h-aithghearr co-dhiù.

A’ chiad tè – sin a’ chathag dhearg-chasach. ’S e feannag bheag a th’ innte, le casan dearga agus gob dearg, agus chan eil i ri faicinn ann am mòran àiteachan ann an Alba an là an-diugh. Chunnaic mise feadhainn ann an Colasa agus Orasa. ’S e chough no chough a th’ air ann am Beurla. A’ chathag dhearg-chasach.

’S e eun eadar-dhealaichte a th’ anns a’ chathaig fhèin – an jackdaw mar a theirear rithe ann am Beurla. Tha i dubh ach a-mhàin air cùl a cinn agus air cùl a h-amhaich. Tha an ròcas càirdeach dhi is tha ise gu tur dubh ach a-mhàin gu bheil i bàn timcheall a guib. Ann an Athall, chanadh na seann daoine ‘garrag’ ris an ròcas agus bha abairt aca – ‘cho Gaidhealach ris na garragan’.

’S e feannag a chanas sinn ris an eun dubh ris an canar carrion crow ann am Beurla agus canaidh sinn feannag ghlas ris an fheadhainn a tha glas agus dubh – na hoodies mar a theirear riutha ann am Beurla. Canaidh cuid starrag ris an eun seo. Agus aig deireadh na liosta tha am fitheach.

Sin iad ma tha – na feannagan: a’ chathag, a’ chathag dhearg-chasach, an ròcas, an fheannag, an fheannag ghlas agus am fitheach. Agus a-nise bu mhath leam rann bheag innse dhuibh air a bheil ‘Conaltradh nan Eun’ anns a bheil cuid de na feannagan a’ nochdadh. Tha am facal garrach a’ ciallachadh isean feannaig. Seo an rann agus saoilidh mi gum biodh e glè fhreagarrach do chloinn:

‘Fàg, fàg,’ ars’ an fheannag,

‘Is e mo mhac-s’ an garrach donn.’

‘Gòrach, gòrach,’ ars’ an ròcas,

‘Is e mo mhac-s’ an garrach gorm.’

‘Gròc, gròc,’ ars’ am fitheach,

‘Is e mo mhac-s’ a chriomas uain.’

‘Glidheag, glidheag,’ ars’ an fhaoileag,

‘Is e mo mhac-s’ an t-isean soirbh.’

‘Gliog, gliog,’ ars’ an iolair’,

‘Is e mo mhac-s’ an tighearna oirbh.’

Seo i a-rithist agus cuiridh mi na fuaimean ann gu ceart an turas seo.

‘Fàg, fàg,’ ars’ an fheannag,

‘Is e mo mhac-s’ an garrach donn.’

‘Gòrach, gòrach,’ ars’ an ròcas,

‘Is e mo mhac-s’ an garrach gorm.’

‘Gròc, gròc,’ ars’ am fitheach,

‘Is e mo mhac-s’ a chriomas uain.’

‘Glidheag, glidheag,’ ars’ an fhaoileag,

‘Is e mo mhac-s’ an t-isean soirbh.’

‘Gliog, gliog,’ ars’ an iolair’,

‘Is e mo mhac-s’ an tighearna oirbh.’

Faclan na seachdaine

Faclan na seachdaine: Creag an Fhithich: Rock of the Raven; Creag nam Fitheach: Rock of the Ravens; Athall: Atholl; soirbh: placid, easy-going.

Abairtean na seachdaine

Abairtean na seachdaine: eadhon ma tha isean acrach anns an nead: even if there is a hungry chick in the nest; gum buin an t-eun seo do na feannagan: that this bird belongs to the crows; ann an dreach agus ann an cainnt: in appearance and in speech; ann an Colasa is Orasa: in Colonsay and Oronsay; ach a-mhàin air cùl a cinn agus air cùl a h-amhaich: except on the back of her head and the back of her neck; tha an ròcas càirdeach dhi: the rook is related to her; timcheall a guib: around her beak; conaltradh nan eun: conversation of the birds; gum biodh e glè fhreagarrach do chloinn: that it would be very suitable for children; is e mo mhac-s’ an garrach gorm: my son is the blue chick; ’s e mo mhac-s’ a chriomas uain: it’s my chick that picks the lambs’ bones; ’s e mo mhac-s’ an tighearna oirbh: my son is the lord over all of you.

Puing-ghràmair na seachdaine

Puing-ghràmair na seachdaine: I feel I should use this slot this week to fend off potential indignation on the part of some readers/listeners who will claim they have a different word for their ‘crows’ etc. Indeed so. In the text I mention that starrag may be used for the hooded crow but it may also mean a carrion crow in some places. Whereas some people refer to a scarecrow as bodach-ròcais, others call it a bodach-starraig. The jackdaw may also be called a cnàimh-fhitheach, coc-bhran or sorachag and the rook may be called a creumhach, garrag (as mentioned in the text) and garrag ghlas. And the hooded crow is sometimes referred to as a feannag chorrach. The raven seems to be almost universally a fitheach, although Dwelly also gives biadhtach. And the young of both a carrion crow and a rook may be known as a garrach – although it is hardly a recommendation, as you will see if you look it up in Dwelly. If you have any other words for members of this group of birds, I would love to hear from you.

Seanfhaclan na seachdaine

Seanfhaclan na seachdaine: Am fitheach a dh’èireas moch, ’s ann leis a bhios sùil a’ bheathaich a tha sa pholl: the raven that rises early gets the eye of the beast (trapped) in the bog. Cha toir am fitheach an t-sùil dha isean fhèin: the raven won’t give the eye (even) to his own chick.

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