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There are six main soil types:
- Clay
- Sandy
- Silty
- Peaty
- Chalky
- Loamy
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Clay soil
- Feels lumpy and sticky when very wet
- Rock-hard when dry
- Clay drains poorly
- Few air spaces
- Warms slowly in spring
- Heavy to cultivate
- If drainage is improved, plants grow well as it holds more nutrients than many other soils
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Sandy soil
- Free-draining soil
- Gritty to the touch
- Warms up quickly in spring
- Easy to cultivate
- Dries out rapidly
- May lack nutrients, which are easily washed through the soil in wet weather (often called a "hungry" soil.)
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