Graphs of inequalities - Higher
An inequality can be represented graphically as a region on one side of a line.
For example, this graph shows the inequality \(x \textless -1\). This can be seen as there is a dashed line at -1, and the region where the \(x\) coordinates are less than -1 is shaded.
Example
Show the region satisfied by the inequality \(-2 \textless x \leq 3\).
Identify the two regions shown by the inequalities. These are \(2 \textless x\) (or \(x \textgreater -2\)) and \(x \leq 3\).
\(x \textgreater -2\): draw a dotted line at \(x = -2\). \(x = -2\) is the graph made by coordinates points where \(x\) is equal to -2, for example (-2, 5), (-2, 4), (-2, 3), (-2, 2) and so on.
\(x \leq 3\): draw a solid line at \(x = 3\). \(x = 3\) is the graph made by coordinate points where \(x\) is equal to 3, for example (3, -4), (3, -3), (3,-2), (3, -1) and so on.
\(x\) is the values in between these two inequalities, so shade this region.
Question
Show the region satisfied by the inequalities \(-4 \leq y \textless 0\) and \(y \geq x\).
Identify the regions shown by the inequalities. These are \(y \geq -4\), \(y \textless 0\) and \(y \geq x\).
\(y \geq -4\): draw a solid line at \(y = -4\). This line is made by the coordinate points where \(y = -4\), for example (5, -4) or (-5, -4). \(y\) is greater than or equal to -4, so we want the region above \(y = -4\)
\(y \textless 0\): draw a dashed line at \(y = 0\). This line goes through all the coordinate points where \(y = 0\) (it is the same as the \(x\)-axis). \(y\) is less than 0, so we want the region below \(y = 0\).
\(y \geq x\): draw a solid line at \(y = x\). To draw the line \(y = x\), plot coordinate points where the \(y\) coordinate is equal to the \(x\) coordinate, for example (4, 4), (2, 2), (-1, -1) and so on. \(y\) is greater than or equal to \(x\), so shade the region above \(y = x\).
The region that satisfies all three inequalities is shaded in the diagram below.
More guides on this topic
- Algebraic expressions - OCR
- Algebraic formulae - OCR
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- Solving simultaneous equations - OCR
- Sequences - OCR
- Straight line graphs - OCR
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- Transformation of curves - Higher - OCR
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