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It's the centenary year of the Nobel Prize – how does the committee choose the winners? New peptide discovered that prevents the destruction of islet cells in the pancreas of some patients with Type 1 diabetes. New treatment for cancer could come from ancient Chinese anti-malarial using the artemisia or wormwood plant. Plus, development of jet-powered cargo ships, a new carbon-dating technique that could resolve debates on Mediterranean history, and Nasa's latest oceanography satellite, Jason-1, is launched.