麻豆约拍

Dr Ryan Lavelle from the University of Winchester marks a little remembered rebellion in the Dorset town of Wimborne which was brought on by the death of King Alfred in 899 and which tells us something about the succession of kings and queens in the early middle ages.

When Alfred died in 899 Aethelwold had a claim to the West Saxon throne. His father was Ethelred, Alfred鈥檚 brother聽 but Aethelwold was too young to succeed him in 871. In 899 he had a powerful claim, but Alfred had been grooming his son Edward to become king. Aethelwold chose Wimborne as the place of his rebellion because his father was buried in the minster there. Edward laid siege to the town and Aethelwold escaped north to Northumbria where, according to the聽 Anglo Saxon Chronicle, he was crowned 鈥榢ing of the pagans鈥�. He died at the Battle of Holme somewhere in the East Anglian fens in 902 or 903.

See Ryan Lavelle鈥檚 chapter in "The Politics of Rebellion: The 脝theling 脝thelwold and the West Saxon Royal Succession, 899鈥�902鈥� 2009). In Skinner, Patricia. Challenging the Boundaries of Medieval History: The Legacy of Timothy Reuter. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols.

Also Williams, Ann (1991a). "脝thelwold 脝theling d. 903". In Williams, Ann; Smyth, Alfred P.; Kirby, D. P. A Biographical Dictionary of Dark Age Britain. London, UK: Seaby. p.聽33.

Yorke, Barbara (1988). "脝thelwold and the Politics of the Tenth Century". In Yorke, Barbara. Bishop 脝thelwold: His Career and Influence. Woodbridge, UK: The Boydell Press.

Dr Francis Young has recently published a paper in the journal Folklore which examines the cult of the East Anglian king, Edmund in which he explores the fact that the reputation and importance of this catholic martyr grows after the reformation right up until the present day. This is the abstract to that paper:

St Edmund, King and Martyr survived the Reformation as a hero and emblem of East Anglian regional identity. This article traces the development of the post-Reformation Edmund in 鈥�popular鈥� sources, including his continuing presence in the landscape and the influence of the nineteenth-century 鈥�cult of commemoration鈥� on perceptions of the saint.

We know little about the man, his rule or where he met his death, but Edmund is now not only a symbol of East Anglia, found on flags and even beer bottles, but a candidate, for some, to be England鈥檚 patron saint.

听听

See The Cult of St Edmund in Medieval East Anglia by Rebecca Pinner. Published by Boydell and Brewer. ISBN: 9781783270354

In a paper published by The Society for Renaissance Studies, Dr Emilie Murphy from the National University of Ireland in Galway has been exploring the evidence of music and song to understand how Jesuit priests facing death would own the space of their execution in what she describes as a 鈥榯heatre of death鈥�. Dr Murphy argues that these catholic martyrs would learn and rehearse songs which they would then sing before being hanged. In her paper she quotes the best known of these victims, Edmund Campion:

鈥�We are made a spectacle, or a sight unto God, unto his Angels, and unto men: verified this day in me, who am here a spectacle unto my lorde god, a spectacle unto his angels & unto you men鈥�

From: Thomas Alfield, A True Reporte of the Death and Martyrdom of M. Campion 1582

See also: 聽

聽J. A. Sharpe, 鈥楲ast Dying Speeches: Religion, Ideology and Public Execution in Seventeenth-Century England 鈥楶ast and Present鈥� No. 107

Thomas S. Freeman and Thomas F. Mayer (eds.), Martyrs and Martyrdom in England (Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer, 2007);

Susannah Brietz Monta, Martyrdom and Literature in Early Modern England (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005)聽