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2000: Zarqawi emerges
In the early 2000s, Jordanian militant Abu Musab al-Zarqawi set up extremist group Tawhid wa al-Jihad (Unity and Jihad).
His group opposed Western involvement in the region and supported Sharia law.
2003-04: Iraq invasion
In 2003, the US and its allies invaded Iraq, toppling the regime of Saddam Hussein
The former president was discovered hiding in a hole and was captured and later hanged.
Al-Zarqawi formed al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI) opposing Western forces. Its brutality alienated it from many Iraqis and al-Qaeda leaders.
2006-07: Zarqawi killed
Al-Zarqawi was killed in a US airstrike in 2006. Al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI) joined other militant groups to form the Islamic State of Iraq (ISI).
The network was weakened in 2007 following the US troop "surge" and the payment of Sunni tribes to form militias to expel AQI.
2011-13: Syria uprising
The anti-government uprising in neighbouring Syria turned violent and led to civil war.
ISI - now led by Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi - supported Syria's opposition by setting up the militant Nusra Front and sending cash and fighters.
The group's brutal tactics were condemned by rebels. Al-Qaeda also disowned it. ISI rebranded itself Isis (the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant).
In Iraq, meanwhile, US troops withdrew. Violence perpetrated by Isis rose.
2014: Isis advances
In 2014, Isis made crucial gains in western Iraq and advanced north and east. The Βι¶ΉΤΌΕΔ’s Paul Wood was caught in a gunbattle between Kurdish troops and Isis fighters.
Isis's conquest of second city Mosul in June sent shockwaves around the world.
Isis went on to declare a caliphate, or Islamic state, across Iraq and Syria and rebranded itself the Islamic State.
In August, the US began air strikes against the jihadists, whose advances have forced more than a million Iraqis - including minority communities - to flee the violence.
INTERACTIVE VIDEO
A new media experience - watch, read and interact
2000
Zarqawi Emerges
2003-2004
Iraq invasion
2006-2007
Zarqawi killed
2011-2013
Syria uprising
2014
Isis advances
IS claims to have 10,000 fighters in Iraq and Syria
The group is said to have access to $2,000,000,000 in funding
Some mobile devices are not able to play interactive video - crucial to this feature. Therefore, it is best viewed on desktop or tablet.
2000: Zarqawi emerges
In the early 2000s, Jordanian militant Abu Musab al-Zarqawi set up extremist group Tawhid wa al-Jihad (Unity and Jihad).
His group opposed Western involvement in the region and supported Sharia law.
2003-04: Iraq invasion
In 2003, the US and its allies invaded Iraq, toppling the regime of Saddam Hussein
The former president was discovered hiding in a hole and was captured and later hanged.
Al-Zarqawi formed al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI) opposing Western forces. Its brutality alienated it from many Iraqis and al-Qaeda leaders.
2006-07: Zarqawi killed
Al-Zarqawi was killed in a US airstrike in 2006. Al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI) joined other militant groups to form the Islamic State of Iraq (ISI).
The network was weakened in 2007 following the US troop "surge" and the payment of Sunni tribes to form militias to expel AQI.
2011-13: Syria uprising
The anti-government uprising in neighbouring Syria turned violent and led to civil war.
ISI - now led by Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi - supported Syria's opposition by setting up the militant Nusra Front and sending cash and fighters.
The group's brutal tactics were condemned by rebels. Al-Qaeda also disowned it. ISI rebranded itself Isis (the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant).
In Iraq, meanwhile, US troops withdrew. Violence perpetrated by Isis rose.
2014: Isis advances
In 2014, Isis made crucial gains in western Iraq and advanced north and east. The Βι¶ΉΤΌΕΔ’s Paul Wood was caught in a gunbattle between Kurdish troops and Isis fighters.
Isis's conquest of second city Mosul in June sent shockwaves around the world.
Isis went on to declare a caliphate, or Islamic state, across Iraq and Syria and rebranded itself the Islamic State.
In August, the US began air strikes against the jihadists, whose advances have forced more than a million Iraqis - including minority communities - to flee the violence.
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Civilian deaths in Iraq 2003-2014
- January03
- 3
- February03
- 2
- March03
- 3,977
- April03
- 3,435
- May03
- 546
- June03
- 597
- July03
- 647
- August03
- 794
- September03
- 565
- October03
- 517
- November03
- 486
- December03
- 526
- January04
- 610
- February04
- 663
- March04
- 1,004
- April04
- 1,303
- May04
- 654
- June04
- 901
- July04
- 825
- August04
- 877
- September04
- 1,033
- October04
- 1,016
- November04
- 1,652
- December04
- 1,112
- January05
- 1,188
- February05
- 1,284
- March05
- 902
- April05
- 1,144
- May05
- 1,392
- June05
- 1,346
- July05
- 1,530
- August05
- 2,276
- September05
- 1,422
- October05
- 1,298
- November05
- 1,467
- December05
- 1,133
- January06
- 1,544
- February06
- 1,570
- March06
- 1,946
- April06
- 1,801
- May06
- 2,273
- June06
- 2,571
- July06
- 3,297
- August06
- 2,865
- September06
- 2,562
- October06
- 2,983
- November06
- 3,077
- December06
- 2,891
- January07
- 3,014
- February07
- 2,673
- March07
- 2,717
- April07
- 2,540
- May07
- 2,834
- June07
- 2,194
- July07
- 2,690
- August07
- 2,481
- September07
- 1,366
- October07
- 1,295
- November07
- 1,110
- December07
- 987
- January08
- 847
- February08
- 1,072
- March08
- 1,643
- April08
- 1,299
- May08
- 890
- June08
- 747
- July08
- 643
- August08
- 682
- September08
- 606
- October08
- 590
- November08
- 535
- December08
- 582
- January09
- 372
- February09
- 403
- March09
- 426
- April09
- 567
- May09
- 390
- June09
- 501
- July09
- 407
- August09
- 618
- September09
- 333
- October09
- 435
- November09
- 226
- December09
- 475
- January10
- 263
- February10
- 304
- March10
- 336
- April10
- 385
- May10
- 387
- June10
- 385
- July10
- 443
- August10
- 516
- September10
- 254
- October10
- 312
- November10
- 307
- December10
- 218
- January11
- 389
- February11
- 254
- March11
- 311
- April11
- 289
- May11
- 381
- June11
- 386
- July11
- 308
- August11
- 401
- September11
- 397
- October11
- 366
- November11
- 279
- December11
- 388
- January12
- 524
- February12
- 356
- March12
- 377
- April12
- 392
- May12
- 304
- June12
- 529
- July12
- 469
- August12
- 422
- September12
- 396
- October12
- 290
- November12
- 253
- December12
- 275
- January13
- 357
- February13
- 360
- March13
- 403
- April13
- 545
- May13
- 888
- June13
- 659
- July13
- 1,145
- August13
- 1,012
- September13
- 1,221
- October13
- 1,095
- November13
- 903
- December13
- 983
- January14
- 1,076
- February14
- 930
- March14
- 1,009
- April14
- 1,013
- May14
- 1,027
- June14
- 1,789
Source: Iraq Body Count
Al-Qaeda's fading power in Iraq
2006
2008
Areas of conflict and displacement
Areas with refugee presence
Source: US Dept of Defense, Institute for the Study of War
Regional impact of the Syria conflict
Areas of conflict and displacement
Areas with refugee presence
Source: Humanitarian Info Unit, US Dept of State
Isis-claimed attacks in Iraq
2012
2013
Source: Isis annual report, Institute for the Study of War
Isis presence in Iraq and Syria
Assessed operational presence
Areas Isis claims to have presence or control
Source: Institute for the Study of War, Long War Journal
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