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On this day: 25 May

• Message 1.Β 

  Posted by Vizzer aka U_numbers (U2011621) on Sunday, 25th May 2008

  • 1963: Thirty two nations form the Organisation of African Unity with the aim of ending white rule in Africa. 
  
  The Organisation of African Unity had several aims as set out in its Charter.
  
  The first of these was 'to promote the unity and solidarity of the African States'. Among the other aims listed in the Charter was the desire 'to eradicate all forms of colonialism from Africa'. Nowhere, however, in the OAU Charter does the word 'white' appear.
  
  A more precise 'On this day' entry, therefore, would be:
  
  '• 1963: Thirty two nations form the Organisation of African Unity with the aim of ending colonialism in Africa.'

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• Message 2

  , in reply to message 1.

  Posted by Mick Mac (U5651045) on Sunday, 25th May 2008

  Good point, Vizzer.
  
  I also note that 'On This Day' has the following entries as well:
  
  •1521: The Edict of Worms condemns Protestant Reformation leader Martin Luther as an outlaw and heretic.
  
  •1659: Oliver Cromwell's son, Richard, resigns as lord protector of England, allowing Charles II's restoration. 
  
  I thought the Edict of Worms only condemned Luther as a heretic and proscribed his writings and publications. I don't believe that branded him an outlaw, i.e. 'out upon his keeping'!
  
  Also, there was no direct connection between Richard Cromwell's enforced resignation in Mat 1659 and Charles II restoration almost exactly one year later in May 1660. The use and juxtaposition of the word 'resigns' and 'allowing' is wrong in the sense that it is misleading'
  
  Who writes these entries?
  

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• Message 3

  , in reply to message 2.

  Posted by Vizzer aka U_numbers (U2011621) on Tuesday, 25th May 2010

  A hat-trick of bad entries.

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• Message 4

  , in reply to message 1.

  Posted by OUNUPA (U2078829) on Wednesday, 26th May 2010

  ' 1963: Thirty two nations form the Organisation of African Unity with the aim of ending colonialism in Africa.''- ...+ the aim..to defend the cannibal from Uganda.. the one who kept the bodies of his victims ....inside the refrigerator which was made in the Great Britain.

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• Message 5

  , in reply to message 2.

  Posted by Temperance (U14455940) on Thursday, 27th May 2010

  I thought the Edict of Worms only condemned Luther as a heretic and proscribed his writings and publications. I don't believe that branded him as an outlaw i.e. 'out upon his keeping'! Β 
  
  I suppose it depends on how you define the word outlaw, but Michael Mullett (2008) and Derek Wilson (2007) both use the term to describe Luther's status on May *14th* - not 25th - 1521.
  
  The Edict of Worms was drawn up by Aleander on May 6th. 8th May is the actual date Charles V signed the document and it was *formally* issued on May 25th. The Edict, although unrestrained in its denunciation of Luther, nevertheless reaffirmed the terms of the Emperor's original safe conduct and Luther was therefore condemned with effect from May 14th. You could claim the reward for capturing "the heretical outlaw" (one was offered!) anytime after that date! Of course by then Luther was in "protective confinement" courtesy of Frederick the Wise. The Elector's assessment of the events at Worms was that the young Emperor lacked the power and resources to impose his will on his German subjects and, as the Edict condemning ML and all his pernicious works was finalised after he, Frederick, had (wisely) left for home, he really did not consider himself to be bound by its terms. The reality, as the Elector understood it, was that he and his fellow princes were free to "outlaw" Luther or not, as their own inclination led them.
  
  Charles was probably very much relieved by Frederick's "defiance", but Archbishop Aleander fumed.
  
  
  

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• Message 6

  , in reply to message 5.

  Posted by Vizzer aka U_numbers (U2011621) on Wednesday, 25th May 2011

  The definition of the word 'outlaw' is indeed key.
  
  Yet - nowhere in its text does the Edict outlaw Martin Luther in a legal sense. In fact the Edict specifically states otherwise. It says that if Martin Luther fails to retract his 'heresies' then he should be arrested and punished 'consistent with the ordinance and the rights'.

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